India Demographics Profile 2012

Population

1,205,073,612 (July 2011 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 29.7% (male 187,450,635/female 165,415,758)
15-64 years: 64.9% (male 398,757,331/female 372,719,379)
65 years and over: 5.5% (male 30,831,190/female 33,998,613) (2011 est.)

Median age

total: 26.2 years
male: 25.6 years
female: 26.9 years (2011 est.)

Population growth rate

1.312% (2011 est.)

Birth rate

20.6 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Death rate

7.43 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)

Net migration rate

-0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 30% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 2.4% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major cities - population

NEW DELHI (capital) 21.72 million; Mumbai 19.695 million; Kolkata 15.294 million; Chennai 7.416 million; Bangalore 7.079 million (2009)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female
total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 46.07 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 44.71 deaths/1,000 live births 

female: 47.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 67.14 years
male: 66.08 years
female: 68.33 years (2011 est.)

Total fertility rate

2.58 children born/woman (2011 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.3% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

2.4 million (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

170,000 (2009 est.)

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: chikungunya, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria
animal contact disease: rabies
water contact disease: leptospirosis
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Nationality

noun: Indian(s)
adjective: Indian

Ethnic groups

Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)

Religions

Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)

Languages

 Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati 4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, other 5.9%
note: English enjoys the status of subsidiary official language but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the most widely spoken language and primary tongue of 41% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language (2001 census)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 61%
male: 73.4%
female: 47.8% (2001 census)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 10 years
male: 11 years
female: 10 years (2007)

Education expenditures

3.1% of GDP (2006)

Maternal mortality rate

230 deaths/100,000 live births (2008)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

43.5% (2006)

Health expenditures

2.4% of GDP (2009)

Physicians density

0.599 physicians/1,000 population (2005)

Hospital bed density

0.9 beds/1,000 population (2005)